2020届二轮复习短文语法填空专题技能突破时态语态 2页

‎2020届二轮复习 短文语法填空专题技能突破时态语态 ‎【技能讲解】　1.若括号内提供的是动词，一般需要根据语境变成恰当的时态，如过去时、进行时、完成时；2.当主语和动词是被动关系时，还需要变成被动语态。‎ 典例剖析 ‎1.[课标全国卷Ⅰ]It was raining lightly when I ________ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.‎ ‎[答案]　arrived　根据语境判断本空处时态应该和was一致，应填arrived。‎ ‎2．[广东高考]While making great efforts to run away, she ________ (fall) over the hill and died.‎ ‎[答案]　fell　根据上下文的时态推断用过去时fell。‎ ‎3．[2016·陕西咸阳模拟]In order to get good marks in the coming exam, my son ________ (study) late every night in the past three weeks.‎ ‎[答案]　has been studying　句意：为了在即将来临的考试中获得好成绩，在过去的3周内我儿子每晚都学习到深夜。根据时间状语“in the past three weeks”可知设空处应该用现在完成进行时。‎ ‎4．[广东高考]He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby for other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what ________ (leave)．‎ ‎[答案]　was left　根据语境判断出what引导宾语从句，what在从句中作主语，leave和what之间是被动关系，应填was left。‎ ‎5．Mrs Weldon ________ (weigh) only fifty kilograms, she looks as if she is very weak.‎ ‎[答案]　weighs　weigh有及物动词、不及物动词两种用法，作及物动词时是“称……的重量”，作不及物动词时是“重……”，根据句意，应该是“Mrs Weldon重……”，所以weigh在本句中作不及物动词，无被动。再综合下文looks的时态，应填weighs。此处学生容易误填is weighed，有类似用法的还有measure。‎ ‎6．[天津高考]Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement ________ (reach) so far by the two sides.‎ ‎[答案]　has been reached　根据so far可知，应用现在完成时，而agreement与谓语动词之间为被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态。‎ 技能点拨　对时间状语的分析，可以帮助判断合适的时态，如since, so far等常用完成时，ago, the other day等常用过去时。在对时态判断完成后，还要考虑语态是主动还是被动，综合时态语态的运用，才能做对题。‎ 技能演练 用括号内单词的正确形式填空 ‎1．What Tai Chi does for the body ________ (attract) the attention of western scientists until now.‎ 答案：has attracted　由until now判断使用完成时。‎ ‎2．Since then, the little cloud ________ (travel) all over the world, enjoying the views of all the forests and beautiful countryside. ‎ 答案：has travelled　由 since then 判断使用完成时。‎ ‎3．He ________ (eat) something at home when he received a strange phone call from a hospital.‎ 答案：was eating　“be doing...when...”固定用法。‎ ‎4．Most of people think that the use of cellphones should ________ (ban) while they are driving, because in that case accidents can easily happen.‎ 答案：be banned　开车打电话应是“被”禁止，注意ban，需双写n加ed。‎ ‎5．Each year approximately 110 teachers and experts ________ (employ) from more than twenty countries to teach at BFSU.‎ 答案：are employed　分析语境应用被动语态，注意employ后直接加ed，不需要变y为i。‎