河南罗山县 2017 高考英语阅读理解一轮精编题（二） 9页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 河南罗山县 2017 高考英语阅读理解一轮精编题（二） 【2016 模拟题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。 Researchers from France and Italy discovered that Canadian parents are less strict with their children than mothers and fathers in France and Italy. “Our most important finding was the difference between Canadians and the others，” said Professor Michel Claes，the lead author of the study.“Canadians focus on independence and negotiation. On the other hand，Italians，for example，exercise more control. We found Canadians seem to focus on negotiation in case of a conflict.” Claes said Canada，France and Italy were selected for the study because they share important cultural and social factors.“We chose FrenchCanadians because they share the same language as France，and originally came from France and share certain values. Italy was included because it was considered to have similar，strong and important family values，” he explained. The researchers examined the emotional ties between parents and their children by questioning 1,256 students aged 11 to 19 years old. Canadian students reported less control and more free actions，according to the study. Italian parents were stricter and French parents were somewhere in the middle. Claes explains that the differences lie in education in Canada，France and Italy. “North America has its own educational values，which promote individualization. Tolerance and comprehension are encouraged. Italy，on the other hand，promotes respect of authority，control， and the need for permission.” he said. Children from all three countries described their mothers as warm and communicative. Italian and Canadian children had similar feelings about their fathers，and reported high levels of emotional ties. But French fathers were generally thought by their children to be more distant and cold. “We were surprised by this，” Claes admitted.“It seems as though the relationships between French mothers and their children were becoming closer over time，while fathers maintain a form of distance and coldness，which is more of a source of conflict in France than in the other countries.” 8．Professor Michel Claes believes that Canada，France and Italy ________. A．have the same family spirit B．have some similar cultural traditions 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 C．have experienced some similar social changes D．have experienced similar cultural developments 9．How did the researchers carry out the study ? A．By collecting answers of parents from Canada，France and Italy. B．By collecting answers of children from Canada，France and Italy. C．By questioning parents and their children from Italian Canadian families. D．By questioning children from FrenchCanadian families. 10. According to Michel Claes，what mainly leads to the differences in parentchildren relationships among Canada，France and Italy? A．Educational opportunities. B．Traditional ideas. C．Educational values. D．Historical events. 11．Which of the following is NOT a finding of the study? A．French children have troubled relationships with their parents. B．Canadian children have close relationships with their parents. C．Italian children have good relationships with their parents. D．Kids from Canada，France and Italy have closer ties with their moms. 【参考答案】8—11、BBCA 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中，选出最佳选项。 Some scientists say that animals in the oceans are increasingly threatened by noise pollution caused by human beings. The noise that affects sea creatures comes from a number of human activities. It is caused mainly by industrial underwater explosions, ocean drilling, and ship engines. Such noises are added to natural sounds. These sounds include the breaking of ice fields, underwater earthquakes, and sounds made by animals themselves. Decibels (分贝) measured in water are different from those measured on land. A noise of one hundred and twenty decibels on land causes pain to human ears. In water, a decibel level of one hundred and ninety－five would have the same effect. Some scientists have suggested setting a noise limit of one hundred and twenty decibels in the oceans. They have observed that noises at that level can frighten and confuse whales（鲸 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 鱼）. A team of American and Canadian scientists discovered that louder noises can seriously injure some animals. The research team found that powerful underwater explosions were causing whales in the area to lose their hearing. This seriously affected the whales' ability to exchange information and find their way. Some of the whales even died. The explosions had caused their ears to bleed and become infected(被感染的). Many researchers whose work depends on ocean sounds are against a limit of one hundred and twenty decibels. They say such a limit would mean an end to important industrial and scientific research. Scientists do not know how much and what kinds of noises are harmful to ocean animals. However, many scientists don’t think that noise is a greater danger than they believed. They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean. 【文章大意】本文叙述了研究表明噪音污染引起了海洋生物的危险，科学家将来要采取措施拯救海洋生物， 阻止噪音对海洋生物的伤害，提醒我们也要意识到保护海洋生物的重要性。 26. According to the passage, which of the following is increasingly dangerous to sea creatures? A. The sound of cars. B. The sound of voices. C. Man-made noise pollution. D. The sound of steps. 【答案】C 【 解析】细节理解题。由第一段 Some scientists say that animals in the oceans are increasingly threatened by noise pollution caused by human beings. 可知噪音污染引起了海洋生物的危险，故选 C。 27. According to the passage, natural sounds include all of the following EXCEPT________. A. sounds made by animals themselves B. ocean drilling C. underwater earthquakes D. the breaking of ice fields 【答案】B 【 解析】细节理解题。由第二段 These sounds include the breaking of ice fields, underwater earthquakes, and sounds made by animals themselves. 可知 ocean drilling 不是自然的声音，故选 B。 28. Which of the following is discussed in the third paragraph? A. The same noise level produces a different effect on land and in the ocean. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 B. Different places may have different types of noises. C. The decibel is not a right unit (单位) for measuring underwater noise. D. Different ocean animals may have different reactions to noises. 【答案】A 【 解析】段落大意题，根据 Decibels (分贝) measured in water are different from those measured on land. 这是中心句可知同一种噪音在陆地和水面产生的效果是不一样，故选 A。 29. Which of the following is true of whales? A. They won't be confused by noises. B. They are deaf to noises. C. Their ability to reproduce will be lowered by high-level noises. D. Their hearing will be damaged by high-level noises. 【答案】D 【 解析】推理判断题。根据第六段 The research team found that powerful underwater explosions were causing whales in the area to lose their hearing.可知水下巨大的爆炸声会使鲸失去听力，故选 D。 30. According to the passage, what will scientists most probably do in the future? A. They will work hard to reduce ocean noise pollution. B. They will protect animals from harmful noises. C. They will try to set a limit of 120 decibels. D. They will study the effect of ocean noise pollution. 【答案】B 【 解析】推理判断题。由文章的最后一句话 They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean. 可知科学家将来要采取措施阻止噪音对海洋生物的伤害，故选 B。 阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的 A,B,C 或 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 In Western culture, 21 was the age at which young people traditionally received a key to their parents’ door, as a symbol of entering adulthood. Now, the age of 21 is a time when people ask themselves: where do I go from here? Jiang Fangzhou’s 21 years have been filled with the kind of success most young people wouldn’t 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 dare hope for in a lifetime. She published her first book at the age of nine and has written many more since then. She is regarded as a spokesperson for her generation. However, her hopes and concerns for the future appear decidedly normal. She explains that while her fellow students are chiefly concerned with getting a job or buying an apartment, shefrets over how she can excel in her work when having limited experience of the world. However, Jiang, now a senior at the School of Journalism and Communication of Tsinghua University, notes that her peers face intense pressure and competition at school. They are expected to excel in their field of study despite limited experience, just as Jiang is expected to shine in the literary world. Young people, she says, have been forced to open their eyes to the world around them. Jiang’s world has opened up, too. She’s more at ease with herself at 21, compared with when she began college. “My horizon has broadened and I’m more tolerant,” she says. “As a freshman, I was desperate. I stopped people around me and asked: ‘Is there anything in the world still worth hoping for? ‘ But now I don’t do that.” Jiang says that she may not pursue writing as her main future career because she wants to try“other lifestyles”—overseas travel and study touring sound particularly inviting to her. But she is concerned that many foreigners have skewed (歪曲的,倾斜的) perceptions about China. “A few days ago I overheard a conversation between two foreigners sitting next to me on a flight,” says Jiang. “They were having a heated discussion about the number of beggars in China. And how Chinese always go for ‘petty profits’. In fact, they had been in China for only a week.” Jiang believes prejudice is unavoidable, but she also maintains that Chinese and Westerners, for example, share much common ground. “We share the same principles, such as honesty and a willingness to help others,” says Jiang. “The differences between peoples are not that huge.” 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 1. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Jiang Fangzhou’s novels. B. Embracing new challenges. C. Jiang Fangzhou’s university life. D. Jiang Fangzhou’s success. 2. What does the underlined phrase mean? A. be patient with B. be worried about C. be content with D. be indifferent about 3. Which of the following sentences is true? A. Jiang doesn’t have any pressure and competition as the others do. B. Jiang’s peers face intense pressure and competition at school. C. Jiang wants to be a professional writer in future. D. Jiang often asks her friends some questions now. 4. We can infer from the text that_____. A. there is nothing but prejudice between Chinese and Westerners B. Jiang accepts the fact that there are huge differences between peoples C. one week is enough to know about a true China. D. Jiang disagrees with what the two foreigners said about Chinese 【参考答案】1—4、BBBD 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项。 The USA is a land of immigrants. Between 1815 and 1914, the world witnessed the greatest peaceful migration in its history: 35 million people, mostly Europeans, left their homelands to start new lives in America. Why did these people risk everything by leaving their homes and families? First, what forced emigrants to make the decision to leave? One major cause for European farmers to leave was the rise in population which in turn led to land hunger. Another was politics. There was an increased taxation（税收） and the growth of armies, and many young men fled eastern Europe to avoid being forced to join the army. Physical hunger provided another pressing reason. Following the collapse（衰退）of the economy of southern Italy in the 1860s, hundreds of thousands decided to start a new life in America. Religion also encouraged millions to leave the Old World. In short, people chose to leave their homes for social, economic and religious reasons. As a result, by 1890 among a total population of 63 million, there were more than nine million foreign-born Americans. But what were the attractions? First of all, there was the promise of land which was so scarce in Europe. Next, factories were calling for workers, and pay conditions were much better than back home. Men were needed to open up the West and build the long railroads, and new towns needed settlers to live in and to develop business. There was the space for religious people to practice their faith in peace. This immigration meant that by around the 1850s Americans of non-English had started to be more than those of English. As we know, there were losers. To start with, there were those unwilling immigrants, the slaves who had been used as a source of cheap labour. Nor should we forget the equally unlucky American Indians. By 1860 there were 27 million free whites, four million slaves and a mere 488,000 free blacks. Nowadays, the USA is still seen by millions as the Promised Land. As always, it remains an attractive place to those who think it will offer them a second chance. 【文章大意】本文叙述了在 1815 和 1914 之间,美国成了移民最好的去处，由于政治，经济、宗教信仰等 的原因，欧洲的一些人开始向美国迁移，因为在这里人们有更多的就业机会、有商机有宗教自由，现在美 国仍然是许多人的想去的乐土。 31. What is not the cause for people to leave their homeland? 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 A. The search for religious freedom. B. The search for adventure. C. Unwillingness to join the army. D. Economics. 【答案】B 【 解析】细节理解题。根据 many young men fled eastern Europe to avoid being forced to join the army.In short, people chose to leave their homes for social, economic and religious reasons. 他 们由于社会经济，宗教自由，不愿入伍等原因离开了自己的家乡，不是为了冒险，故选 B。 32. Why was life of the 19th Century European farmers difficult? A. There was no land. B. There was no peace. C. The population had gone down. D. There were too many of them. 【答案】D 【 解析】细节理解题。根据 One major cause for European farmers to leave was the rise in population which in turn led to land hunger. 农民人数的增加，而相对土地的平均少了，故选 D。 33. Which of the following was not an attraction of the USA? A. Employment B. A healthy life C. freedom of religion D. Business opportunities 【答案】B 【 解析】细节理解题。根据 First of all, there was the promise of land which was so scarce in Europe. Next, factories were calling for workers, and pay conditions were much better than back home. Men were needed to open up the West and build the long railroads, and new towns needed settlers to live in and to develop business. There was the space for religious people to practice their faith in peace.在美国有就业机会，有商机还有宗教自由吸引了外国的移民，没有提到健康的生活，故选 B。 34. What is the topic of this passage? A. The USA is still seen by millions as the Promised Land. B. The USA is a land of immigrants. C. Religion encouraged millions to leave the Old World. D. About one-eighth of non-native born Americans live in the USA in 1890. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 9 【答案】B 【 解析】主旨大意题。根据 The USA is a land of immigrants.文章开始点题，短文主要论述了美国为什 么会成为外国移民的主要去向，故选 B。 35. The American Indians __________. A. were as fortunate as the slaves B. were more unfortunate than the slaves C. were the most unfortunate D. were as unfortunate as the slaves 【答案】D 【 解析】细节理解题。根据 Nor should we forget the equally unlucky American Indians.美洲的印第 安人与奴隶一样地不幸，故选 D。